"Twese twicishije bugufi twazamurwa natwe ubwacu tukaganzwa no kuba abaturage b’Afurika y’Epfo bo batugennye ngo tube Perezida wa mbere w’igihugu kirangwa na Demokarasi, nta ronda ruhu, nta vangura rishingiye ku gitsina muri Afurika,  kugirango dukure igihugu cyacu mu icuraburindi ry’umwijima".

Nelson Rolihlahla Madiba Mandela yari umunyapolitiki n’impirimbanyi ku burenganzira bwa muntu, akaba yaramenyekanye nk’umuntu wabashije kurwanya ivanguraruhu rya Apartheid ryakorerwaga abirabura bo muri Afurika y’Epfo bikaba aribyo byamugize intwari ku isi yose ndetse akaba yarabaye Perezida wa mbere w’umwirabura w’iki gihugu.

Ubuzima ndetse n’ibikorwa by’umwihariko bya Mandela byagiye bikoreshwa hirya no hino, mu kwigisha abatuye Isi kugira urukundo n’ubutwari ndetse bamwe bahitamo kwitwa amazina ye.

Yavutse tariki 18 Nyakanya 1918, avukira mu cyaro cya Mvezo ho muri Umtata. Yavaga inda imwe n’abakobwa 2 bakaba bari batuye mu gice cy’icyaro ahitwa Qunu, akaba ari naho mama we yakomokaga.

N’ubwo ababyeyi be batari barabashije kwiga, Mandela agize imyaka 7 Mama we yamujyanye kumutangiza ishuri mu kigo cy’Abametodiste (Methodiste).

Muri iryo shuri yaje no kuhigira amasomo y’idini amwemerera kubatizwa, umwarimu wamwigishaga yamuhaye izina rya "Nelson" nk’izina rya Gikirisitu.

Arangije amashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye, Mandela yize muri University College of Fort Hare, aza kuhirukanwa maze akomereza muri University of South Africa.

Akirangiza yatangiye gukora nk’ushinzwe umutekano mu birombe by’amabuye y’agaciro. Aha yahakoraga aniga amategeko muri University of the Witwatersrand, aho yaje gukura impamyabushobozi mu mategeko nyuma y’imyaka irenga mirongo ine ahiyandikishije, kuko yabonye iyi mpamyabushobozi ari muri gereza mu 1989.

Nelson Mandela yinjiye mu ishyaka ryaharaniraga uburenganzira bw’abirabura ANC (African National Congress) mu 1944 aho yahise ashinga umutwe w’urubyiruko waryo.

Muri uwo mwaka kandi, yashatse umugore we wa mbere Evelyn Mase banabyaranye abana bane. Nelson Mandela yanakinaga umukino njyarugamba w’ibikonjo uzwi nka (BOX).

Mandela yaje gukorana na Oliver Tambo, undi mwirabura waharaniraga uburenganzira bw’abirabura muri Afurika y’Epfo, bashinga ikigo cy’ubwunganizi mu mategeko mu 1952.

Muri uwo mwaka kandi, yaje gufungwa hamwe n’abandi 19 nyuma yo kwigaragambya bamagana amategeko yari abangamiye uburenganzira bwabo. Ibi byarakomeje, Mandela akomeza gukurikiranwa nk’umwe mu bayobora abaturage kwigumura ku butegetsi bwariho icyo gihe. Urubanza rwabo rwamaze igihe kirekire aza no gufungurwa.

Nyuma yo kubona ko imyigaragambyo, kwandikira abayobozi ndetse n’ubundi buryo bwose bwananiranye, Mandela yatowe na bagenzi be kugira ngo azayobore urugamba rwo kwibohora. Uru rugamba nirwo bise Umkhonto Wesizwe bisobanura ngo Icumu ry’Igihugu.

Mandela yaje guhindura amazina ye yiyita David Motsamayi maze azenguruka ibihugu bya Afurika ndetse n’u Bwongereza, aho yakusanyaga inkunga yo gutegura iyo ntambara. Yanakoze imyitozo ya gisirikare muri Maroc ndetse na Ethiopia.

Nyuma y’ukwezi agarutse muri Afurika y’Epfo yahise afungwa ku itariki ya 5 Kanama 1962, azira kuba yarasohotse igihugu nta ruhushya afite no gushishikariza abakozi kwigaragambya, icyo gihe akatirwa imyaka itanu.

Mu rubanza yari arimo n’abandi icyenda, yahavugiye ijambo ritazibagirana ati “Narwanyije ukwishyira hejuru kw’abazungu, narwanyije gutotezwa kw’abirabura”.

Yakomeje avuga ko afite icyizere ko bishoboka ko abazungu n’abirabura babana mu mahoro, ubwumvikane no mu bwisanzure.

Ati “Iki cyizere mfite nzakomeza kugiharanira kandi ndizera ko tuzakigeraho, ni biba ngombwa kandi niteguye kuzagipfira.”

Ku itariki ya 11 Kamena 1964, Nelson Mandela ari kumwe na bagenzi be barindwi bakatiwe gufungwa burundu. Batandatu muri bo bahise bajyanywa muri gereza ya Robben Island. Mandela yabaye muri iyo gereza kugeza mu 1988 aho yimuriwe mu yindi yitwa Victor Verster Prison aho yari agiye kwivuriza indwara y’igituntu.

Yaje kurekurwa ku itariki ya 11 Gashyantare 1990, igihe kitazibagirana mu mateka ya Afurika ubwo ukwishyira no kwizana n’uburenganzira bw’umwirabura byari bigezweho.

Umwaka ukurikiyeho yaje kuyobora ishyaka rya ANC maze aza guhabwa igihembo cy’amahoro cyitiriwe Nobel hamwe n’uwari Perezida wa Afurika y’Epfo icyo gihe, Frederik W. de Klerk.

Mandela yatorewe kuba Perezida wa Afurika y’Epfo ndetse no kuba Perezida wa mbere w’umwirabura mu mateka y’iki gihugu ku itariki ya 27 Mata 1994.

Mandela yayoboye manda imwe maze mu mwaka w’i 1999 ntiyongera kwiyamamaza.

Tariki 5 Ukuboza 2013, nibwo urugendo Mandela yari amaze kugenda ku Isi rwarangiye, akaba yaritabye Imana aguye i Johannesburg, azize indwara zo mu myanya y’ubuhumekero.

Nelson Mandela yitabye Imana afite imyaka 95 y’amavuko, akaba yaragiye agaragaza ibikorwa by’ubutwari byo kwamagana akarengane kakorerwaga abirabura. Mandela yashatse abagore 3, akaba yarapfuye asize abana 6.