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Amerika na Iran bemeranyije agahenge: Ese peteroli na gaz bigiye kongera kuboneka ku isoko?
Uwajeneza Donatha
Apr 8, 2026 - 09:41
Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ziyobowe na Iran bemeranyije agahenge k’icyumweru bibiri hagamijwe gufungura inzira ya Hormuz inyuzwamo hafi 20% bya peteroli ku Isi no gutangira ibiganiro. Iki cyemezo cyatumye ibiciro bihita bigabanuka ku isoko mpuzamahanga ariko ibibazo by’umutekano n’ibyangiritse ku isoko bikomeje gushyira igitutu ku kongera kuboneka kwabyo.
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Agahenge kamaze kwemerwa nyuma y’iminsi 40 y’imirwano karimo ingingo yo kongera gufungura by’agateganyo inzira ya Hormuz, ifatwa nk’umutima w’ubucuruzi bwa peteroli na gaz ku Isi. Perezida Trump yatangaje ko yemeye guhagarika ibitero mu gihe cy’icyumweru bibiri, avuga ko Iran yatanze umugambi w’ingingo 10 ushobora gushingirwaho ibiganiro.
Ku ruhande rwa Iran, ibinyujije kuri Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga, Abbas Araghchi, yemeje ko izafungura iyi nzira muri icyo gihe, mu gihe ibitero bihagaritswe.
Iri tangazo ryahise rigira ingaruka ku isoko mpuzamahanga, aho ibiciro bya peteroli byagabanutse ku buryo bugaragara hagati ya 13% na 15%, maze akagunguru ka peteroli gasubira munsi y'amadolari 100, nyuma y’uko hari ubwoba ko ifungwa rya Hormuz rishobora gutuma habaho ibura rikomeye ry’ingufu ku Isi.
Mu gihe cy’intambara, iyo nzira yari yarahungabanyijwe bikomeye, bituma ingendo z’amato zitwara peteroli na gaz zigabanuka, bityo ibicuruzwa byinshi ntibyabasha kugera ku masoko mpuzamahanga, bitangira ingaruka hirya no hino ku Isi, no mu Rwanda harimo.
Icyakora, nubwo aka gahenge katangiye gutanga icyizere, ibibazo by’umutekano biracyari inzitizi ikomeye. Amato menshi n’abakora ubucuruzi bw’ibikomoka kuri peteroli bakomeje kugira impungenge kubera ko aka gahenge ari ak’igihe gito kandi katizewe neza.
Umunyamakuru wa RFI akanba n’inzobere mu bijyanye n'intambara, Franck Alexandre, yagaragaje ko nubwo Amerika yagabye ibitero byinshi, Iran yakomeje kugaragaza ubushobozi bwo kwihagararaho, bituma iyi ntambara ikomeza kugira ingaruka mu buryo bwa gisirikare na politiki.
Ibi biri mu byasunitse impande zombi kwemera agahenge, mu gihe gukomeza imirwano byari gukomeza kongera ingaruka mu rwego rw'ubukungu.
Ikindi kandi, ibikorwa remezo byangiritse birimo inganda zitunganya peteroli n’ibikoresho byo kuyitwara bizasaba igihe kugira ngo byongere gukora neza. Ibi bivuze ko n’iyo inzira ya Hormuz yafungurwa neza, kongera gusubira ku rwego rusanzwe bizasaba igihe icyakora iyari yarafungiwe mu nziza ikabasha kugera mu bihugu byayitumije.
Ku rundi ruhande, Umunyamabanga mukuru w'Umuryango w'Abibumbye António Guterres yashimye aka gahenge, asaba impande zose kubahiriza amategeko mpuzamahanga no gukomeza ibiganiro bigamije amahoro arambye.
Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, Israeli umufatanyabikorwa ukomeye wa Amerika muri iyi ntambara yatangaje ko aka gahenge katareba ibiri kubera muri Libani, ivuga ko izakomeza guhangana n'umutwe wa Hezbollah ushyigikiwe na Iran. Israeli yamaze gutanga impuruza ku baturage batuye mu bice byo mu majyepfo ya Liban.
Icyakora aka gahenge gafatwa nk’intambwe ya mbere iganisha ku kugabanya igitutu ku isoko rya peteroli na gaz, ariko ahazaza haryo hakazaterwa n’uko ibiganiro bizagenda n’uko umutekano uzaba wifashe mu karere.
Mu ijoro ryakeye, mu murwa mukuru wa Iran, Teheran haranzwe n'ituze ndetse mu gitondo cyo ku wa gatatu abaturage bari buzuye imihanda. Ni mu gihe, abatavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi bwa Benyamin Netanyahu, Minisitiri w’Intebe wa Israeli yagaye ifatwa ry'aka gahenge avuga ko Abanya-Israëli bari barihanganye ariko Netanyahu yatsinzwe mu buryo bwa strategy na politiki.
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