None kuwa gatatu agace k’amateka i London kazwi nka Trafalgar Square karashyirwamo ishusho nshya. Ariko noneho ntabwo ari ishusho y’imwe mu ntwari cyangwa abami b’Ubwongereza. Ahubwo iraba ari ishusho idasanzwe y’umuvugabutumwa wo muri Malawi akaba n’impirimbanyi nyafurika John Chilembwe, warwanyije ubukoroni bw’Abongereza.

kwamamaza

Iyi shusho, yiswe Antelope, ifite uburebure bwa metero eshanu, iraba iya mbere y’umunyafurika ishyizwe kuri Trafalgar Square.

Yubatswe muri bronze, igendeye ku ifoto yamamaye ya Chilembwe yafashwe mu 1914 ari kumwe n’umumisiyoneri w’Umwongereza John Chorley, imbere y’urusengero rwe i Mbombwe mu majyepfo ya Malawi.

Muri iyo foto, Chilembwe yambaye ingofero ngari, ubundi byari birenze ku itegeko ry’abakoroni ryabuzaga Abanyafurika kwambara ingoferi imbere y’abazungu.

Mu gihe bombi bari kumwe muri iyi foto, iyo shusho yo uwayubatse yakoze impinduka zituma uyu munya-Malawi ari we ukurura amaso.

Samson Kambalu, umunyabugeni wavukiye muri Malawi yayishushanyije ku buryo Chilembwe aboneka ari munini kurusha Chorley, amusumba cyane.

John Chilembwe, aha ari kumwe na John Chorley, yayoboye ukwigomeka kwa mbere ku butegetsi bw'abakoroni.

Ku rubuga rw’umukuru w’umujyi wa London basobanura ko “Mu kongera ubunini bwe, umunyabugeni arazamura Chilembwe n’inkuru ye, agaragaza ibyahishwe ku bantu basuzuguwe mu mateka y’ubwami bw’Ubwongereza muri Africa n’ahandi.”

Nubwo iyi shusho iza kuba iri ahirengeye hagati muri Londres, Chilembwe aracyari umuntu utazwi na benshi.

Kambalu, usanzwe ari n’umwalimu w’ubugeni muri University of Oxford mu Bwongereza ati: “Abantu benshi bashobora kuba batazi John chilembwe. Ariko iki nicyo gitekerezo muri rusange.”

Chilembwe ashimwa na benshi nk’umwe mu Banyafurika ba mbere barwanyije akarengane k’abakoroni mu kinyejana cya 20.

Icyo gihe yateguye ukwigomeka no kurwanya Abongereza muri Malawi (yahoze ari Nyasaland) mu 1915.

Nubwo iyo myigaragambyo itarambye, ibikorwa bye byakwiriye henshi ku mugabane n’ahandi kure.

Chilembwe afatwa nk’uwakongeje icyo kibatsi muri benshi mu ntwari z’ubwigenge zirimo n’impirimbanyi za politiki nka Marcus Garvey wo muri Jamaica, na John Langalibalele Dube washinje icyaje kuba African National Congress (ANC) muri South Africa.

A sculpture titled 'Antelope' by Malawi-born artist Samson Kambalu which has been chosen to occupy the Fourth Plinth in Trafalgar square in London.

|Iyi shusho ishingiye kuri iriya foto ariko John Chilembwe yongerewe ubunini n'uburebure.

Chilembwe yavutse mu ntangiriro z’imyaka ya 1870 anakurira mu gace ka Chiradzulu mu majyepfo ya Malawi.

Yari umwe mu bavandimwe bane, se yakomokaga mu bwoko bw’aba Yao naho nyina mu ba Mang’anja.

Mu gukurira muri Chiradzulu, Chilembwe yabonaga cyane ibikorwa by'abamisiyoneri bo muri Ecosse/Scotland bagiye muri Malawi bakurikiye intambwe z’umuzungu wagendaga ashaka ahantu hashya bo batazi, David Livingstone.

Ni hano Chilembwe yahuriye bwa mbere n’umumisiyoneri, Joseph Booth, wari ufite intero y’ibitekerezo bitandukanye ivuga ngo “Africa ni iy’Abanyafurika.

Chilembwe yabaye umwe mu bantu ba mbere babanye na Booth, amaherezo bombi baje kujya muri Amerika, aho yize tewolojiya muri Virginia.

Mu gihe yari muri Amerika, Chilembwe yabonye ingorane z’Abanyafurika babayo nubwo ubucakara bwari bukimara gucibwa.

Hashize imyaka myinshi, yavuye muri Amerika agaruwe no kurwanya akarengane k’abakoroni yasize mu gihugu cye.

Agarutse muri Malawi, Chilembwe wari umaze kuba umuvugabutumwa yashinze ubutumwa iwabo i Chiradzulu.

Yahubatse urusengero rw’amatafari, amashuri menshi, ahingisha ipamba, icyayi n’ikawa, ku nkunga zavaga muri Amerika.

Kurwanya ubukoroni

Agarutse kandi yasanze hari ibikorwa byo kurwanya ubutegetsi bw’Abongereza biri kwiyongera, bitewe n’amategeko yakuraga abanya-Malawi mu butaka bwabo, mu gihe abandi benshi bahingishwaga imirima y’abazungu, bakanafatwa nabi.

Chilembwe yagize umujinya kurushaho ku bakoroni nyuma y’uko intambara ya mbere y’isi iteye, aho abasirikare ba Malawi bajyanywe kurwana n’Abadage muri Tanzania ya none.

Yanditse inyandiko yo kubyamagana mu kinyamakuru kimwe cyari kiriho icyo gihe. Bikekwa ko nyuma y’iyo nyandiko ye yahise atangira gutegura umutwe wo kwigomeka, watangiye muri Mutarama(1) 1915.

Gusa, ibikorwa bya Chilembwe byo gutera abazungu batuye iwabo byararwanyijwe bineshwa n’abasirikare b’Abongereza bigitangira.

Ukwigomeka kwe kwaguyemo abantu bacyeya, ingabo z’Abongereza zashyizeho ibihembo ku wafata Chilembwe n’abantu be.

Iminsi micye nyuma y’aho, yararashwe arapfa arashwe n’abasirikare b’Abanyafurika agerageza kwambuka ngo ahungire muri Mozambique ya none.

Nubwo umutwe w’inyeshyamba ze ntacyo wagezeho, abanyamateka bavuga ko Chilembwe ariwe wateye imbuto yo guharanira ubwigenge mu banyafurika.

Malawi yabonye ubwigenge mu 1964.

Isura ya Chilembwe iri ku noti zimwe z'amakwacha ya Malawi.

Uyu munsi, umurage wa Chilembwe urigaragaza hose muri Malawi.

Imihanda myinshi yaramwitiriwe, mu gihe ifoto ye iboneka ku mafaranga y’iki gihugu, ama-kwacha, hamwe na za cashe.

Umunsi witiriwe John Chilembwe nawo wizihizwa buri mwaka muri iki gihugu tariki 15 Mutarama.

Gusa abanyamateka bavuga ko hakiri impaka ku buhangange bwe.

Muti Michael Phoya umunyamateka w’umunya-Malawi ati: “Buri mwaka kuri Chilembwe Day, ibinyamakuru n’imbuga z’amakuru byandika inyandiko ndende z’impaka ku murage we.

“Mu gihe benshi bemera ko yari ingenzi cyane mu mateka ya Malawi, bamwe bavuga ko yakoze umutwe wo kwigomeka hakiri kare cyane.

“Ariko ishusho ya Kambalu ishobora kuzamura iki kiganiro kurushaho maze tukabona benshi bakenera kumenya amateka ye.”

Kambalu avuga ko yizeye ko iyi shusho “izatangiza ikiganiro mu Bwongereza butaremera neza amateka yabo ya gikoroni.”

Ati: “Iyi shusho izana umucyo ku mateka yibagiranye y’ubwami [bwabo], kandi sosiyete itegereje ko bayemera.”

London: Ishusho nini y'Umunyafurika yamanitswe

Gisubizo Philemon Sep 28, 2022 - 10:50